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Appl. Environ. Microbiol. doi:10.1128/AEM.01292-08
Copyright (c) 2008, American Society for Microbiology and/or the Listed Authors/Institutions. All Rights Reserved.

Mechanism of Synergistic Inhibition of Listeria monocytogenes with Lactic Acid, Monolaurin, and Nisin

Department of Food Science, Nutrition, and Health Promotion, Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station, Mississippi State University, Box 9805, Mississippi State, MS 39762-9805, USA; College of Natural and Health Sciences, University of Northern Colorado, Gunter 1000, Box 134, Greeley, CO 80639 USA

^* To whom correspondence should be addressed. Email: douglas.marshall{at}unco.edu.

	Abstract

The combined lactic acid, monolaurin, and nisin effect on time to detection (OD ₆₀₀) extension was greater (P<0.05) than any single or paired combination effect, which demonstrates a synergistic interaction among the antimicrobials. Monolaurin exposure caused C12:0 cell membrane incorporation. Lactic acid caused increased monolaurin C12:0 membrane incorporation, while nisin had no influence. We postulate that lactic acid enhanced monolaurin C12:0 incorporation into the cell membrane increased membrane fluidity resulting in increased nisin activity.