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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, October 2000, p. 4230-4236, Vol. 66, No. 10
0099-2240/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Biochemical and Genetic Characterization of Propionicin T1, a New Bacteriocin from Propionibacterium thoenii

Therese Faye,1 Thor Langsrud,1 Ingolf F. Nes,2 and Helge Holo2,3,*

Department of Food Science1 and Laboratory of Microbial Gene Technology,2 Agricultural University of Norway, N-1432 Ås, and Norwegian Dairies Association, Oslo,3 Norway

Received 28 December 1999/Accepted 8 July 2000

A collection of propionibacteria was screened for bacteriocin production. A new bacteriocin named propionicin T1 was isolated from two strains of Propionibacterium thoenii. This bacteriocin shows no sequence similarity to other bacteriocins. Propionicin T1 was active against all strains of Propionibacterium acidipropionici, Propionibacterium thoenii, and Propionibacterium jensenii tested and also against Lactobacillus sake NCDO 2714 but showed no activity against Propionibacterium freudenreichii. The bacteriocin was purified, and the N-terminal part of the peptide was determined with amino acid sequencing. The corresponding gene pctA was sequenced, and this revealed that propionicin T1 is produced as a prebacteriocin of 96 amino acids with a typical sec leader, which is processed to give a mature bacteriocin of 65 amino acids. An open reading frame encoding a protein of 424 amino acids was found 68 nucleotides downstream the stop codon of pctA. The N-terminal part of this putative protein shows strong similarity with the ATP-binding cassette of prokaryotic and eukaryotic ABC transporters, and this protein may be involved in self-protection against propionicin T1. Propionicin T1 is the first bacteriocin from propionibacteria that has been isolated and further characterized at the molecular level.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Laboratory of Microbial Gene Technology, Agricultural University of Norway, P.O. Box 5051, N-1432 Ås, Norway. Phone: 47-64-94-94-68. Fax: 47-64-94-14-65. E-mail: helge.holo{at}ikb.nlh.no.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, October 2000, p. 4230-4236, Vol. 66, No. 10
0099-2240/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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