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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, July 1999, p. 2895-2900, Vol. 65, No. 7
0099-2240/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Delineation of Key Amino Acid Side Chains and Peptide Domains for Antimicrobial Properties of Divercin V41, a Pediocin-Like Bacteriocin Secreted by Carnobacterium divergens V41

Parwin Bhugaloo-Vial,1,2 Jean-Paul Douliez,1 Daniel Mollé,3 Xavier Dousset,2 Patrick Boyaval,3 and Didier Marion1,*

Unité de Biochimie et Technologie des Protéines, INRA, 44316 Nantes Cedex 03,1 Laboratoire de Microbiologie, ENITIAA, 44072 Nantes Cedex,2 and Unité de Recherches de Technologie Laitière, INRA, 35042 Rennes Cedex,3 France

Received 5 August 1998/Accepted 12 April 1999

Divercin V41 (DV41) is a class IIa bacteriocin produced by Carnobacterium divergens V41. This antilisterial peptide is homologous to pediocin PA-1 and contains two disulfide bonds. To establish the structure-activity relationships of this specific family of bacteriocin, chemical modifications and enzymatic hydrolysis were performed on DV41. Alteration of the net charge of this cationic bacteriocin by succinylation and acetylation revealed that, in a certain range, the electrostatic interactions were surprisingly not necessary for the activity of DV41. Cleavage of DV41 by endoproteinase Asp-N released two fragments N1[1-17] and N2[18-43] corresponding to the conserved hydrophilic N-terminal and the variable hydrophobic C-terminal sequences, respectively. Inhibitory assays showed that only the C-terminal fragment was active, and after trypsin cleavage at Lys42 or disulfide reduction it lost its inhibitory activity. These results suggested that both hydrophobicity and folding imposed by the Cys25-Cys43 disulfide bond were essential for antilisterial activity of the C-terminal hydrophobic peptide. Chemical oxidation of tryptophan residues by N-bromosuccinimide demonstrated that these residues were crucial for inhibitory activity since modification of any one of them rendered DV41 inactive. On the contrary, only the modification of all the three tyrosine residues caused a total loss of antilisterial activity. These latter results strengthened previous results suggesting that the N-terminal domain containing the YGNGV consensus sequence was not involved in the binding of DV41 to a potential specific receptor on listerial cells.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Unité de Biochimie et Technologie des Protéines, INRA, B.P. 71627, 44316 Nantes Cedex 03, France. Phone: (33) (0) 240-67-50-56. Fax: (33) (0) 240-67-50-25. E-mail: marion{at}nantes.inra.fr.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, July 1999, p. 2895-2900, Vol. 65, No. 7
0099-2240/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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Copyright © 1999 by the American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.