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Appl Environ Microbiol, February 1998, p. 760-762, Vol. 64, No. 2
0099-2240/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Environmental Occurrence of the Whipple's Disease Bacterium (Tropheryma whippelii)

Matthias Maiwald,1,* Frank Schuhmacher,1 Hans-Jürgen Ditton,1 and Axel von Herbay2

Hygiene-Institut der Universität, Abteilung Hygiene und Medizinische Mikrobiologie,1 and Pathologisches Institut der Universität,2 69120 Heidelberg, Germany

Received 8 September 1997/Accepted 5 November 1997

Whipple's disease is a systemic disorder in which a gram-positive rod-shaped bacterium is constantly present in infected tissues. After numerous unsuccessful attempts to culture this bacterium, it was eventually characterized by 16S rRNA gene analysis to be a member of the actinomycetes. The name Tropheryma whippelii was proposed. Until now, the bacterium has only been found in infected human tissues, but there is no evidence for human-to-human transmission. Here we report the detection of DNA specific for the Whipple's disease bacterium in 25 of 38 wastewater samples from five different sewage treatment plants in the area of Heidelberg, Germany. These findings provide the first evidence that T. whippelii occurs in the environment, within a polymicrobial community. This is in accordance with the phylogenetic relationship of this bacterium as well as with known epidemiological aspects of Whipple's disease. Our data argue for an environmental source for infection with the Whipple's disease bacterium.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Hygiene-Institut der Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 324, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany. Phone: 49-6221-567815. Fax: 49-6221-564343. E-mail: un69mm{at}genius.embnet.dkfz-heidelberg.de.




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