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Appl Environ Microbiol. 1971 September; 22(3): 358-365
Copyright © 1971 American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Zonal-Centrifuged Purified Duck Embryo Cell Culture Rabies Vaccine for Human Vaccination

Department of Immunizing Biologicals Research and Development, Eli Lilly & Co., Greenfield, Indiana 46140
Biological Research Division, Eli Lilly & Co., Indianapolis, Indiana 46206

ABSTRACT

Rabies virus produced in duck embryo cell culture was concentrated from volumes of 14 to 30 liters to 400 to 800 ml by zonal centrifugation. Virus titers of peak fractions were from 100- to 1,000-fold greater than those of the starting material. Vaccines were prepared by combining fractions with peak virus titers and diluting back to 10 times concentration. The resulting ß-propiolactone-inactivated vaccines, when prepared as lyophilized vaccines with AlPO₄ adjuvant diluents, were low in protein nitrogen (0.01 mg/ml), and three of four lots passed the National Institutes of Health potency test when tested as equivalent to a standard 10% suspension of duck embryo or mouse brain tissue vaccine. These vaccines also induced good sero-conversion in adult rabbits after a single 1-ml dose of vaccine. Guinea pigs sensitized with zonal-centrifuged purified duck embryo vaccine (with AlPO₄ adjuvant) did not exhibit anaphylactic shock reactions when challenged with homologous vaccine. Also, no anaphylactic shock reactions were observed when guinea pigs were sensitized with either a 10% experimental duck embryo vaccine or cell culture vaccine and then challenged with the zonal-purified vaccine. However, guinea pigs sensitized with cell culture or zonal-purified vaccine and then challenged with the 10% experimental vaccine did show slight transitory congestion. The 10% experimental whole duck embryo vaccine was responsible for all observed anaphylactic shock reactions whether homologous or heterologous.